Reed construction, Iraq

This is a very ancient building technique found in the marshes of southern Iraq. Using reeds for structural support as well as fine finishes, buildings are constructed on islands in the middle of marshy riverbeds. Using locally available reeds as the building material of choice, marsh inhabitants cut costs otherwise paid for materials available on the market. This material also makes for an eco-friendly option that absorbs carbon. Thick bundles of reeds are first formed and both ends are planted in the reed bed about 2 m (6.5 ft) apart, created structural arches. Horizontal bundles are bridged between arches for additional support along the length of the house. Four tall bundles are placed at each outer corner of the house, forming distinctive towers. A densely woven reed matting is placed over the roof area for shade and shelter while a more open weave is used for walls to facilitate air ventilation. The same loose weave is placed on the front and back end of the structure. One or both ends have a large opening. On the inside, bundles of reeds may be used to created beds and backrests, baskets, and floor mats. Homes, cattle shelters, and storage units are all made in this fashion. Walls are also constructed with loosely woven mats attached to structural bundles that are planted in the reed bed. Reed boats are a common means of transportation through the marshes. A mudhif needs to be rebuilt every 7  to 10 years, since the bottom of the building will start to rot. The base is cut away and the house is lowered and inhabited for a little longer before being abandoned.